There are a number of Census Information Centers across the U.S., collaborative efforts between organizations and the Census Bureau to provide targeted census data. These particularly aim to provide data about, for, and to underrepresented groups. Below are some specific local centers--some provide ready-made reports online, some provide information upon request.
African-American NYC Census Profiles
For details, call (718) 512-8636 or e-mail: DBpolicy@mec.cuny.edu
Arab-American Institute CIC
State Profiles (based on ACS data)
Asian-American Foundation: NYC Ethnic Profiles from Census data
Latino Census Network CIC (The National Institute for Latino Policy)
NiLP Library (reports on various topics)